In INDIA organic farming popularity day by day increases. Once you get certificate of organic farming than you need to follow strictly some methods. In a market organic products have great value and demand.
Organic farming is a system that avoids use of the fertilizers, pesticides, hormones etc. And it relies on organic techniques like crop rotation, organic wastes, farm manure, rock additives and crop residue for plant rotation and nutrient utilization. Organic farming is a system of farming that aims at keeping the soil alive and maintain pollution free environment.
Features:
- Soil fertility is protecting by organic farming
- Maintaining the level of organic matter
- Encourage biological activity in soil
- It provide nutrients to crop
- Fulfill the nitrogen requirements of the soil
- Recycling of organic matter
- Managing crop disease
Methods:
- Conversion period:
If the farmers are practicing only conventional farming and the field is not fully organic then the farmer must have conversion. The time interval between the beginning of organic operations and certification is the conversion period. On an average conversion period is three years for perennials and two years for annuals.
- Mixed farming
This is the practice of agricultural farming where in not just a cultivation of crop but also a part of animal husbandry. Mixed farming is integration of animals into the farming system to ensure soil fertility and crop yield.
- Cropping pattern
A crop rotation technique majorly creates impact on soil fertility and maintains soil quality for the period of seasonable crop in a long time. After the crop cutting it is mainly manages automatically when crop cultivating by the farmers and avoid repeat cropping. For example after the Grains cropping it is good to make pulses because the crop is maintaining soil fertility with required ingredients.
- Planting in Organic farming:
As on the weather farmers need to plan their plant and soil of the area allows for farming. At the time of cultivation it is require managing soil testing and cultivation must be adapted to the soil. The planting material and seeds must be certified by the authorised body like Indian Organic Certification Agency (INDOCERT).
- Manure Requirements:
In the organic farming you are not allow to use fertilizer, pesticide and chemical products, here it must be require animal manure. Manures like vermicompost, sheep penning, farm yard manure, compost etc. Crop and animal residues must be recycled back into the soil directly or indirectly. The products that can be used for manuring are:
- Mulches, slurry farm yard manure, crop residues from the farm itself
- Chalk, gypsum, calcium chloride
- Wood shavings and sawdust from untreated wood
- Sodium chloride
- Bacterial-based bio-fertilizers like Rhizobium, azospirillum, etc.
- Magnesium rocks
- Vermicomposting
- Plant extracts and plant-based preparations like neem cakes
- Biodynamic preparations
Thus these are the basic methods which really use in organic farming and in India the government is also supported to the farmers to launching special program. Apart from that it also provide special subsidy policy for organic farmers.